
Category: Carl Stokes – Civil Rights 1960’s
Rev. Joan Brown Campbell, who advocated tirelessly for civil and human rights, dies at 93 – Plain Dealer April 15, 2025
Joan Brown Campbell, who advocated tirelessly for civil and human rights, dies at 93
– By Nora Tree Newhouse, Plain Dealer April 15, 2025
The link is here

Joan Brown Campbell Dies at 93; Led Largest Ecumenical Body in U.S.
-New York Times obit
When Joan Campbell invited the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. to speak at her all-white church in the Cleveland suburbs in 1965, she had no idea of the furor it would cause.
Bomb threats were made to her family’s spacious home in Shaker Heights, where Ms. Campbell was a full-time wife and mother. Some members of Heights Christian Church, where she worshiped, refused to let Dr. King cross its threshold.
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Joan Campbell, former activist who led U.S. church council, dies at 93
-Washington Post obit
“During a visit by King to Cleveland, he met briefly with Rev. Campbell and mentioned offhand that he had never been invited to speak at a mostly White church in the area. She suggested he come to the Heights Christian Church, where she was part of the congregation.”
How a 1963 Cleveland case shaped stop-and-frisk police tactics, and why it still matters, Signal Dec. 19, 2024

How a 1963 Cleveland case shaped stop-and-frisk police tactics, and why it still matters
The Cuyahoga River was so polluted, it used to catch fire. Now it’s making a comeback, NPR Oct 12, 2024

-Getty Images
The Cuyahoga River was so polluted, it used to catch fire. Now it’s making a comeback
Hough’s Civil Rights History Honored with New Trail Marker – Sept 17, 2024

Hough’s Civil Rights History Honored with New Trail Marker
Cleveland’s Civil Rights Trail includes 10 sites through the city
By Jala Forest, Cleveland Scene
The Cuyahoga River has reduced its problem areas from 10 to 5. Cleveland.com Nov 15, 2023

The Cuyahoga River has reduced its problem areas from 10 to 5.
by Peter Krouse, Cleveland.com, Nov 15, 2023
The link is here
The limits of black power : Carl B. Stokes and Cleveland’s African-American community, 1945-1971 by Leonard N. Moore

The limits of black power : Carl B. Stokes and Cleveland’s African-American community, 1945-1971
by Leonard N. Moore
What Happened When Violence Broke Out on Cleveland’s East Side 50 Years Ago? From Smithsonian Magazine

What Happened When Violence Broke Out on Cleveland’s East Side 50 Years Ago?
In the summer of 1968, the neighborhood of Glenville erupted in “urban warfare,” leaving seven dead and heightening police-community tensions
by Lorraine Boissoneault, Smithsonian Magazine, July 24, 2018
See the Cuyahoga River, Clean Water Act Video that won a St. Ignatius senior 2nd prize in C-SPAN competition

In a State of Access: Ohio Higher Education, 1945 – 1990 by Jonathan Tyler Baker
In a State of Access: Ohio Higher Education, 1945 – 1990
by Jonathan Tyler Baker, 2020, Doctor of Education, Miami University, Educational Leadership.
The link is here
In a State of Access is a historical study about the way public higher education in Ohio became both generally accessible to nearly every citizen while also offering elite undergraduate and graduate programs. This project grapples with the question of how national, state and regional factors – from the mid-1940s through the end of the 20th century – influenced the way Ohio’s leaders viewed the purpose of public higher education and influenced whether Ohio’s leaders chose to focus on making public higher education more selective or accessible. State leaders initially balked at the idea of funding public higher education. When they did decide to make the investment, ideological battles, economic stagnation and the state’s budget deficit continually influenced how state leaders viewed the purpose of public higher education. As a result, state leaders never succeeded in building a system of public higher education that reflected a clearly defined, well-organized purpose. This dissertation is the first full-length study about contemporary public higher education in Ohio and one of the few case studies of any state’s system of higher education. As the public and politicians at the state and national level pay more attention to the accessibility of higher education, and the role of a college degree in a globalized, service economy, a case study of Ohio helps us to better understand why public higher education is still struggling with problems over access.