Remembering Arnold Pinkney
2014 Ideastream program after the passing of Arnold Pinkney
How a Burning River Helped Create the Clean Water Act 4.17.15 (Allegheny Front)
The fable of the burning river, 45 years later Washington Post 6.22.2014
The fable of the burning river, 45 years later Washington Post 6.22.2014
2015 State of Jewish Cleveland Steve Hoffman and Dan Moulthrop 1.1.15
2015 State of Jewish Cleveland Steve Hoffman and Dan Moulthrop 1.1.15
Envisioning the Future of Jewish Cleveland:
an Interview with Stephen Hoffman
Interview by Dan Moulthrop, CEO Cleveland City Club
January 14, 2015
Sponsored by Siegal Lifelong Learning, the CWRU Jewish Alumni, the Cleveland Jewish News Foundation, the Maltz Museum of Jewish Heritage, and Teaching Cleveland Digital
“Lou Stokes – the Congressman, Leading Lawyer and Towering Political Presence Has Died” Plain Dealer 8/19/2015
Cleveland.com/Plain Dealer story about the death of Congressman Louis Stokes. August 19, 2015
With excellent links to other stories and videos
Investigation of Restrictive Covenants For Race, Religion, and Ethnicity in Shaker Heights By Angel L. Rios, Eastern Washington University, Intern Summer 2017
Investigation of Restrictive Covenants For Race, Religion, and Ethnicity in Shaker Heights By Angel L. Rios, Eastern Washington University, Intern Summer 2017
from Shaker Historical Society
The link is here
Louis Stokes from the Encyclopedia of Cleveland History
Louis Stokes from the Encyclopedia of Cleveland History
“Louis Stokes Autobiography “The Gentleman from Ohio” Parts 1 and 2 Cleveland.com August, 2016
“Louis Stokes Autobiography “The Gentleman from Ohio” Part 1 is here (Cleveland.com) 8.29.16
“Louis Stokes Autobiography “The Gentleman from Ohio” Part 2 is here (Cleveland.com) 8.30.16
News Aggregator Archive 12 (7/1/15 – 12/31/15)
Ohio Will Be in Spotlight Throughout 2016 Presidential Race (Columbus Dispatch)
5 Key Ohio Supreme Courts Rulings from 2015 (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Cleveland’s Terrible Stain: Editorial (New York Times)
Tamir Rice Decision: No Indictments of Cleveland Police Officers (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Cleveland Officer Will Not Face Charges in Tamir Rice Shooting Death (New York Times)
Backers Favor $1 Billion Bond Issue to Clean Up Ohio’s Water (Associated Press/Columbus Dispatch)
Ohio Democrats Face March Senate Primary They Hoped to Avoid (Dayton Daily News)
Should Wisconsin City Get OK to Tap Lake Michigan Water? (Detroit Free Press)
Internet Speed Wars Heat Up in Michigan (Detroit Free Press)
GOP Primary Will Have 3 Vying to Face Incumbent US Representive Marcy Kaptur (Toledo Blade)
Fewer Ohioans Going to College Amid Economic Recovery (Fremont News-Messenger)
Women are Underrepresented, Lack Clout, in Ohio Legislature (Columbus Dispatch)
Energy Glut, Low Commodity Prices Hitting Ohio’s Utica Shale; Cutbacks are Growing in Eastern Ohio (Akron Beacon Journal)
Dispute Over Ohio’s Voting Rules in Hands of Federal Judge (Toledo Blade)
More Than 218,000 Ohioans Sign Up for Obamacare, Government Says (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio Gov. Kasich Calls for “Dramatic” Changes in How Congressional Districts are Drawn: Video (Cleveland.com)
Cleveland Has Ohio’s Lowest Major Metro Unemployment Rate in November (Columbus Dispatch)
Lakewood City Council Unanimously Votes to Close Lakewood Hospital (Cleveland Scene)
Ohio’s Oil and Gas Industry Ready to Boom Once Prices Improve, Analyst Says (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Concerns Expressed Over Remake of Shoreway Exits in Ohio City (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Pittsburgh’s Riverfront Spaces Have Become Epicenter of City’s Development (Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)
Cleveland Puts More Kids in Strong Preschools, Thousands Still Shut Out (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Lobbyist-Tilted Playing Field Favors FirstEnergy and AEP in Columbus: Thomas Suddes (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio Lawmakers Question School Suspensions in Truancy (Columbus Dispatch)
Ohio Traffic Deaths Up a Bit in 2015, but Still Near Record Low (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio Ranks Low for Infectious Disease Control (Dayton Daily News)
Great Lakes are Warming More Than Twice as Fast as Oceans, New Study Says (Toronto Star)
Number of Severe Algae Blooms in Lake Erie to Double, According to OSU Forecast (Ohio State)
A Look at What Ohio Projects Could Get Money in the Federal Budget (Columbus Dispatch)
Former Huntington Building on East 9th Gets $25 Million Tax Credit From State (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Congress to Give Glenn NASA Full Funding (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
What You Need to Know from Cleveland City Council’s Hearing on Lead Poisoning (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Cleveland Has Added 1,200 More “Quality” Pre School Seats; Now There are 4,100 Enrollments; Goal is 12,400 (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio’s Coal Dependence May Face Major Changes Following World Climate Change Agreement (Dayton Daily News)
Ohio Cities Battle Explosion of Deer (Columbus Dispatch)
Proposed Project on W25th and Detroit Includes Apartments and Music Settlement (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
In Ohio’s “Chemical Valley”, a Debate Over Good Jobs and Bad Health (Washington Post)
Cleveland’s Restaurant Boom Show No Signs of Abating (Cleveland Scene)
Fight for Nasa Glenn Dollars Involved High-Stakes for Cleveland: Brent Larkin (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Akron-Canton Airport Facing Uncertain Future Due to Airline Cuts and Competition From Cleveland (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Health Costs Still a Struggle in Ohio (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Republican Leaders Bracing For Brokered Convention in Cleveland; Last One was 1952 (Dayton Daily News)
First Look at Plans for Warehouse District Apartments; Could Start Early Next Year (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Solving Cleveland’s Infant Mortality Crisis: Saving the Smallest (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio Incomes are Flat, Poverty Up Over Past Five Years According to Census Data (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Long Talked About Changes at West Side Market Are Closer Than Ever to Happening (Cleveland Scene)
Recession Still Felt Across Rural Ohio (Newark Advocate)
FirstEnergy’s Davis-Besse Nuclear Plant Gets 20-Year License Extension (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
After Ohio’s Issue 1 Vote, Advocates Want to Change Congressional Redistricting Next (Ideastream)
Cleveland Bans Tobacco. E-Cigarette Sales to People Under 21 (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Rentals are Booming, But Here’s Why Down town Cleveland For-Sale Housing is Lagging (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Contract Awarded to Build Lake Erie Off-Shore Wind Farm Pilot Project (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Commercial Loans Thriving as Northeast Ohio Economy Picks Up (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Gun Control Rising Issue in Race For Ohio Senate Seat (Toledo Blade)
Economic Insecurity: Number of Poor Families Grows in Ohio (Columbus Dispatch)
Congress Might Cut Tens of Millions of Dollars from NASA Glenn Budget (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Cleveland Hospital Systems Agree to Stop Diverting Emergency Room Traffic By Next Year, 24/7 (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
FirstEnergy Deal Will Destroy Competition, Say Opponents, Want New Hearings (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio Supreme Court Races Will Feature Judges From Cincinnati, Northeast Ohio (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Sammy Cantania: One of the Founders of Cleveland’s Food/Restaurant Scene Dies (FreshWater)
Ohio’s Wealthier Kids Do Better on State Tests, Group Finds (Columbus Dispatch)
Appalachia Grasps for Hope as Coal Loses its Grip (Associated Press)
Cuyahoga County Prosecutor Timothy McGinty Draws Plenty of Critics But Only One Possible Opponent in Re-Election Bid: Mark Naymik (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
University Hospitals Opens New Level 1 Trauma Center at Main Campus in University Circle (WEWS)
Cleveland City Council Approves First of Six Tax Deals For Lakefront Development (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Manufacturing Adds Jobs in Ohio; Still Down From Mid-2000s Recession (Columbus Dispatch)
Cleveland Vows to Get Lead Poisoning Inspection Program “Back on Track” (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Cleveland Schools May Be Adding Students After Years of Constant Decline (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio Prosecutors are Turning Away from Death Penalty in Favor of Life in Prison (WKSU)
Ohio’s Fracking Boom Hits Speed Bump (Columbus Dispatch)
Aerial Photos from 1950, 1960s Reveal How Freeways Scarred Downtown Akron (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
The Growing Pains of Cleveland’s Newest Westside Neighborhood (Cleveland Scene)
Survery of Cleveland’s Distressed Buildings Should Help Guide Demolition Decisions: Editorial (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Job Accessibility in Northeast Ohio 11.23.15 (Cleveland Federal Reserve)
Why Halfway Houses Have Grown in Ohio (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Focus on Community Programs in Ohio Leads to Drop in Juvenile Lockups (Columbus Dispatch)
Vacant Houses, Blighted Buildings Still Plague Cleveland, But Problem is Shrinking (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Officials Estimate That Over 6,000 Distressed Houses Remain For Potential Demolition in Cleveland (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Cleveland Would Welcome Syrian Refugees: Mayor Frank Jackson (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
One Year Later Cleveland Continues to Grapple With the Death of Tamir Rice (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Warehouse District Parking Lots Could Blossom Into High-Rise Apartments (Cleveland Scene)
Large Mixed-Use Downtown Cleveland Developement Project Announced (WKYC)
Should Ohio End Pay-to-Play Fees in Schools? (Cincinnati Enquirer)
Most Northeast Ohio Congresspeople Vote to Block Refugees to U.S. (WEWS)
Cleveland Unveils Framework Plan for Canal Basin Park Celebrating History and Geography (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Columbus Leads Peer Cities in Millennial Population Growth (Columbus Underground)
Amazon to Build Wind Farm in NW Ohio (Columbus Dispatch)
Ohio State’s New President Tackles Football (Wall Street Journal)
Ohio’s Utica Shale Development Grows By $5.7 Billion or 20.4% Since Last Spring (Akron Beacon Journal)
Hunger Remains a Huge Problem For Working Poor in Northeast Ohio (WEWS)
Ohio Lieutenant Governor Looks to Prove Skeptics Wrong With Possible 2018 Run For Governor (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio State Aims to Improve Diversity on Campus (WOSU)
Ohio Gov. John Kasich Says Ohio Should Not Accept Syrian Refugees (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
LEEDCo Lands a Third Dept of Energy Grant to Develop Lake Erie Wind Project (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Foreign Students Enrollment Increases 10% in Ohio, Report Says (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Cuyahoga Plans Slow Rollout of Electronic Poll Books (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio Teachers Vet New State Tests; Many Call Them Improvement (Chillicothe Gazette
Loretta Mester Doubles Down on Position of Raising Rates in City Club Speech (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Wilberforce University, America’s Oldest Private HBCU, Keeps Accreditation (Cleveland Scene)
RTA to Raise Base Fare, Cut Service in 2016 (Cleveland Scene)
The $102 Billion Backlog Facing Urban Rail Systems (Regional Plan Association)
Citizen Complaints Against Police Officers Have Been Reduced by 40% Since Body Cameras Have Been Used (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
How Do We Fix Lake Erie? 5 Takeaways from Jeff Reuter’s Talk at the City Club (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Northeast Ohio Expected to Gain 123,000 Job Openings in Next Decade (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
2015 Lake Erie Algal Blooms Worst Ever; Not as Near to Toledo Water Intake: NOAA (Toledo Blade)
Cuyahoga County Council and Executive Reach a Deal on Two-Year Budget (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
40 Years After Sinking of Edmund Fitzgerald, Advance in Technology Make Great Lakes Ships Safer (Detroit News)
Clean-Energy Amendment Could Run Up Against New Ohio Anti-Monopoly Amendment (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Utica Shale: New Method of Drilling May Increase Output and Make Dry Gas Glut Worse (Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)
Ohio in Bottom Third in Need-Based College Aid (Columbus Dispatch)
The 52 Fastest Growing Companies in Cleveland (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Detroit Rising: Life After Bankruptcy (Detroit Free Press)
Ohio House Speaker Rosenberger’s 17-Year Plan For Congressional Redistricting Reform (Akron Beacon Journal)
40 Years Later, Edmund Fitzgerald Remains a Mystery (Detroit News)
Will Ohio Vote Glitches Get Fixed by 2016? (USA Today)
Replanting the Forest City (Freshwater)
Reforming Congressional Redistricting May Not Happen Soon; May Require Threat of Ballot Issue, Says Ohio Secretary of State (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Cleveland Voted “Yes” for Issue 3, but the Suburbs Voted “No” (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Recapping the Election Night Winners and Losers (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Ohio Voters Reject Measure Legalizing Recreational Marijuana Use (Reuters)
Voters Overwhelmingly Approve Issue to Reform Ohio’s Districting Process (Columbus Dispatch)
RTA Searching For Money to Replace Aging Rail Cars (Ideastream)
The 2016 Political Ground Game Has Already Begun in Ohio (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
On This Date, Ohio’s James Garfield Elected President, November 2, 1880 (Politico)
Marijuana Vote in Ohio Difficult to Predict (Columbus Dispatch)
Scientists Alarmed as Tiny Plastic Turns Up in Great Lakes (Toledo Blade)
Like Ohio, Pennsylvania Embroiled in Political Fight Over Fracking Taxes (Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Very Few Tax Hikes on Ballot in Ohio in November 3 Election (Columbus Dispatch)
Demand for Downtown Condos under $800,000 is Good, Supply is Lacking (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
The Outlook For U.S. Steel: Bleak and Bleaker (Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)
Ohio Healthcare Exchange Premiums are Down 6.3% in Year 3 (The Plain Dealer/Cleveland.com)
Experts Struggle to Explain Rise in Cleveland Gun Violence (ABC/Associated Press)
Debate on Ohio Issue #3 from Columbus Metropolitan Club 10/28/15: Video
Ohio’s Public Colleges Outlines Ways Students Can Reduce Costs (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Cincinnati Mayor Announces Plan For Immigrant Welcome Center (WLWT/5)
Ohio Students Struggling Academically, Test Results Show (Columbus Dispatch)
Online Charter School Students Learning Less Than Traditional Students, Study Shows (Columbus Dispatch)
Great Lakes States Guard Water – Even From Neighbors (Detroit Free Press)
Small Gains for the Cleveland Schools as NAEP Scores Fall for Ohio and the Nation (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Ohio Issue 2’s Anti-Manopoly Language Assues Some, Troubles Others (WOSU)
How Cleveland is Being Defined by Opportunity Corridor: Mark Lefkowitz (GreenCityBlueLake)
Ohio’s Efforts to Reform Juvenile Prisons is National Model (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Many Ohioans Still Uninsured as Federal Healthcare Sign-Ups Begin (Dayton Daily News)
Ohio’s Weed War: Corporations, Activists Clash Over Legal Pot (Rolling Stone)
Obama Administration Calls For Limits on Testing in Schools (New York Times)
E-Schools Still in the Crosshairs of State Charter School Ratings, National Study (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Race, Racism and Lead Poisoning: Toxic Neglect (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
How Polluted With Toxic Algae is Ohio’s Drinking Water? (Columbus Dispatch)
Ohio’s Competing Issues 2, 3 Vary in Support (Toledo Blade)
Wine Boom in Ohio Grows (Toledo Blade)
In Swing-State Ohio, Both Parties Want to Limit Their Own Power in Redistricting (Governing)
Cuyahoga County and Cleveland Officials Want to Form Agency to Reduce Infant Mortality (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
An Inner-Ring Suburb on the Edge: “The Future of Maple Hts is Bleak”: Mark Naymak (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Cleveland Launches Plan to Rebuild Urban Forest (WKYC)
Three Short Videos Explaining Ohio Issues 1, 2 and 3: Video (Ohio Sec of State)
Legalizing Marijuana and Controlling Monopolies: What to Know About Issues 2 and 3 (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Curing Cleveland’s Legacy of Lead Poisoning (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
With Boehner Gone, Will Ohio Lose Influence in Ohio? (Columbus Dispatch)
Area Restaurants are Desperate for Skilled Help (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Ohio’s Shale Industry Isn’t About to Crack (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Ohio Voters Support and Oppose Legalizing Marijuana. Wait, What? (Washington Post)
Downtown Cleveland Lakefront Development Could See City Funding for Infrastructure, Parks (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
MetroHealth’s Campus Transformation Goes Far Beyond Bricks and Motar (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Ohio Issue 1, the Redistricting Amendment: What You Need to Know (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
7 Cuyahoga County Cities Unite to Ask Voters to Curb Deer Population (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
What’s Behind the Rise in Cincinnati Shootings? (Cincinnati Enquirer)
Expert Says Ohio’s Redistricting Proposal (Issue 1) Could Serve as Model For Other States (WOSU)
More Ohio Farmers Go Organic (Columbus Dispatch)
Poll: Ohio Headed to a “Constitutional Crisis” over Marijuana Issues (Dayton Daily News)
The Story of Cleveland’s Gang Violence is Written Chapter by Chapter on the City’s Streets (Cleveland Scene)
Judge Allows Youngstown Schools State-Takeover Bill to Stand (WKBN)
Cuyahoga County Executive Budish Proposes $10 Million Infusion into Pre-K Program (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
State Issue 1 Would Change Who Makes Decisions on State Voting Districts (WCPO)
Ohio Issue 2: Election Guide (Cincinnati Enquirer)
Ohio’s Issue 3 More Complicated Than Support for Legal Marijuana (Toledo Blade)
Fewer Food Pantries Serve Ohioans in Need (Columbus Dispatch)
Cleveland’s Slavic Village is on the Comback Trail, Eyes More Local Retail (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Ohio Legislators in Both Parties Want New Congressional Redistricting Method (Columbus Dispatch)
Ohio Passes Legislation Aimed at Cleaning Up Scandal-Ridden Charter School Sector (Washington Post)
A Long Chat With Norman Krumholz, Former City Planner of Cleveland (Cleveland Scene)
Port Sells First Load of Recycled Dredge From Cuyahoga River Sediment (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Northeast Ohio Hospitals Decry Skyrocketing Drug Prices (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Cuyahoga County Housing Market Recovering Slowly, Local Experts Say (Cleveland Jewish News)
Cleveland is One of the More Pricey Cities for Health Care Costs, Analysis Says (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Is Hopkins Reducing Staffing Because It’s Running Out of Money? (Cleveland Scene)
Free College Classes Attract Thousands of Ohio Middle and High School Students (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Debate Over Issue 3: “Marijuana Legalization at Cleveland City Club: Video (City Club)
Interviews With Columbus Mayoral Candidates (Columbus Monthly)
May Co, 925 Building, Former Goodyear Campus Vie for Big State Tax Credit (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
New Site on Central Lakefront Under Consideration For Cleveland Intermodel Hub (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Housing Experts to Discuss Northeast Ohio Foreclosures, Recovery at Wednesday Forum (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Cleveland Faces Long-Stalled Efforts to Diversify Police Ranks (Ideastream)
Youngstown: A Cautionary Tale (Toledo Blade)
A Green River: Spreading Algae on Ohio River is Cause for Concern: Editorial (Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)
Confusing Ohio Test Results are Latest Effort to Unravel Common Core’s Promise (Washington Post)
To Help Solve Cleveland Airport’s Problems, Create a Regional Authority: Brent Larkin (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Ohio’s Oil, Natural Gas Industry Important Despite Downturn (Akron Beacon Journal)
When Cleveland Was a Hotbed of Rock N Roll: 40 Years of Photos (Slate)
Report Says Universities in Ohio Can do More to Cut Costs (WCPO)
Legalized Marijuana Sales Could Make Ohio $300 Million, Budget Office Says (Columbus Dispatch)
Toxic Algae Bloom Now Stretches 650 Miles Along Ohio River (Columbus Dispatch)
LeBron James Calls For Greater Gun Control in Wake of Cleveland Child Shootings (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Polluted Stew Remains Over Northeast Ohio Despite Improvements in Air Quality: NOACA Report (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Fleeing the Witness Stand: Fear of Gangs Escalates in Cleveland Courtrooms (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
The Day Cleveland’s East Side and West Side Were Linked 100 Years Ago (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Cleveland Clinic, CWRU Break Ground on $515 Million Health Education Campus (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Akron’s Drinking Water Supply Surrounded by Oil Wells, a Cash Cow for the City (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Toxic Algae Outbreak Overwhelms a Polluted Ohio River (New York Times)
Issue 8-Cuyahoga County Arts and Culture Forum at Cleveland City Club 9.28.15-Video (City Club of Cleveland)
Come to Cleveland? Maybe Not (Belt)
Cuyahoga County Needs New Downtown Courthouse and Jail, Officials Say (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Most First Year Kids in Ohio Online Schools Learn Little, Fall Behind and Never Catch Up (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
From River Bottom to Topsoil: Recycling Cuyahoga River Sediment in Slavic Village (Belt)
Cleveland’s Bike Share System Could Have Hundreds of Bicycles by Spring (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Cleveland to Pay $13.2 Million Next Year For Police Reforms (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Pioneering Cleveland Journalist Doris O’Donnell Dies at Age 94 (TribLive)
Tourism Officials Compare Lake Erie Algae Problem to Gulf Coast Oil Spill, Say Industry is Ailing (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Ohio Facing a Clean Water Crisis (Columbus Dispatch)
Enrollment is Falling at Northeast Ohio’s Law Schools (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
John Boehner’s Departure Will Hurt Ohio’s Clout and Prestige, Officials Say (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Speaker of the US House and Ohio Representative John Boehner to Resign from Congress (Columbus Dispatch)
Ohio Sees an Alarming Jump in Drug Overdose Deaths (Columbus Dispatch)
Cuyahoga County Clerks Latest Public Service-Workers to Unionize (Cleveland Scene)
Ohio’s Middle Class Still Struggling to Recover, Not Only From Great Recession, But One in 2001 (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Ohio Cuts Math and English Testing Time About 40% This Year (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Michigan Bill Seeks to Ban Shipping Crude Oil on Great Lakes (Detroit Free Press)
Cincinnati Economy Fastest-Growing in Midwest (Cincinnati Enquirer)
Uber Doubling Up in Ohio With Push for 10,000 More Drivers (Columbus Business First)
Dayton to Host First Presidential Debate on Sept 26, 2016 (Toledo Blade)
How One Couple Turned a “Toxic Corner” of Cleveland Into a Develpment Hotbed (Vanity Fair)
America’s Leading Immigrant Cities (Atlantic Citylab)
Ohio’s Contributions to American Cuisine (Columbus Dispatch)
What’s the Deal With Issue 2? (Cincinnati Enquirer)
Northeast Ohio Home Sales Still Toppng 2014 Levels, But August was Slower (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
What You Need to Know About Issue 3 – Ohio’s Marijuana Legalization Measure (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
How Scott Walker’s Withdrawl May Affect Ohio Governor Kasich’s Presidential Bid (Columbus Dispatch)
Ohio Obesity Continues to Climb (Dayton Daily News)
Will Ohio Ban Pay-to-Play School Activities? (Columbus Dispatch)
Republican National Convention Poised to Disrupt Calendars Next Summer (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Cleveland State Wolstein Arena Gets a Major Assist from the Q (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Cuyahoga County Departments Asked to Reduce Budgets by 10% (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Early Childhood Education Still Best Ticket Out For Inner-City Cleveland Youth: Brent Larkin (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Census: Nearly 1.8 Million Ohioans in Poverty (Cincinnati Enquirer)
For Gang Members, the Revolving Prison Doors “Like Going to College” (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Fatal Car Accidents on the Rise in Ohio (Dayton Daily News)
Hudson Launches Its High-Speed Internet System (Crain’s Cleveland Business)
Ohio Kids Who Don’t Quite Meet PARCC Testing Standards Are Still “Proficient”, State School Board Decides (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Fewer People Are Without Health Care in Ohio (Dayton Daily News)
Ohio’s Tech Companies Struggling to Overcome Shortages in Talent and Capital (Columbus Business First)
Ohio Didn’t Like Its Students’ Common Core Test Scores – So It Changed the Passing Grade (Washington Post)
MetroHealth to Open Emergency Departments in Cleveland Heights, Parma (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Planned Parenthood is a Symbol. This is the Reality of One Ohio Clinic (Washington Post)
Issue 3 Marijuana Legalization Supporters and Opponents (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Charter School Equipment Belongs to Operators, Not Schools, Court Rules (Columbus Dispatch)
83% of Ohio State’s Students Graduate; Highest Rate of Ohio’s 13 Public Universities (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
From Jail to Jobs. In Ohio, Prisoners Train to Find Redemption: George Will (Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)
Ohio Turnpike Cuts Deal Aimed at Expanding Wireless Coverage (Associated Press)
Ohio Still Has 250,000 Fewer Jobs Versus 2000; Job Growth Well Below National Average (Columbus Dispatch)
Cuyahoga River Cleanup Reaches New Benchmark With Walleye Discovery (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Bipartisan Group Pushes to Reduce Ohio’s Prison Population (Ideastream)
University Circle Proposal Could Add 700+ Apartments (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Are Local School Taxes Subsidizing Ohio Charters? (Columbus Dispatch)
Broad Ohio Coalition Want Renewable Energy Targets Restored (Associated Press)
Has Cleveland Finallly Realized Its Destiny as a Destination? (Ideastream)
Ohio Health Insurance Industry is Shrinking; Prices Bound to Rise (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Ohio Sees Wages Dip: Now Below Average (Columbus Dispatch)
A Frank Discussion About Race, Bigotry and Humility: George Ridrigue, Editor (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Charter School Questions Dog John Kasich at Home (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Critics Say Issue 2 Could Block More Than Marijuana Amendment (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
The Comeback of the Great Lakes States (Forbes)
Urban Resilience: A Tale of Two Cities (Huffington Post)
Ohio Auto Crashes Increase by 7% in 2014; Insurance Rates to Climb (Columbus Dispatch)
Droughts Plaguing Much of U.S. Present Opportunity For Great Lakes Regions (Buffalo News)
Civil Cases Plummet in Cuyahoga County, Across the State as Foreclosures Drop Drastically (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
How Columbus Managed to Record Nation’s Highest Wage Growth (Fortune)
Fiat Chrysler Plans to Keep Wrangler But Exit Wrangler in Toledo (Toledo Blade)
Are Charter Schools in the Future For Youngstown City Schools (Belt)
A Look Back at the Early Years of Air Show Races in Cleveland (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Brain Gain in the Rust Belt (Atlantic Citylab)
FirstEnergy’s Lakeshore Power Plant Will Be Demolished (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Algae in Western Lake Erie Eats Into Fishing Business (Associated Press)
Frequently Asked Questions About Ohio’s Marijuana Issue 3 (Dayton Daily News)
With State Takeover Looming, School Begins in Youngstown (StateImpact)
Now That the Lake Shore Power Plan is Closed, Why Isn’t Anyone Talking About How to Best Use That Land (Cleveland Magazine)
In Latest Mega-Merger, Akron General Joins With Cleveland Clinic (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Electronic Poll Books Will Be at Voting Locations Across the State by November, 2016 (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
First Look at One University Circle High-Rise Apartments to Start Rising in January (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Is Ohio the Next Home of Hanging Chads? (Politico)
Lake Erie Algae Bloom Spreads to Cleveland, Could Set Record, Scientists Warn (Columbus Dispatch)
Can Becoming a “Global Employer” Expand Cleveland’s Talent Base? (Freshwater
How Wall Street is Losing Talent to Cleveland (Bloomberg)
Waukesha’s Plan For Lake Michigan Water Raises Worries (New York Times)
Ohio State’s Average ACT Scores Set Another Record and Are a Far Cry From a Decade Ago (Columbus Business First)
Frackers Draw Water in Ohio, But Pay Nothing (Wheeling Intelligencer)
Ohio Voters Support President Obama on Curbing Emission, Oppose Him on Iran Treaty (Cincinnati Enquirer)
John Kasich Approval Rating Soars in Ohio (Politico)
Should Swimming Be Banned When Lake Erie Water is Unsafe? (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
In Northeast Ohio, Old Malls Rot While New Shopping Centers Sprawl (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Are Ohio’s Prisons Worth the Cost Even Though They Reduce Crime? (Youngstown Vindicator)
Ohio Jobless Rate Lowest Since 2001 (Dayton Daily News)
Legislative Inaction Adds to Ohio Charter Schools’ Ills: Brent Larkin (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
91.6% of Students Attended First Day of Cleveland Schools; Better Than Last Year, Still Below State Standards (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
The Final Insult. US Airways “Passes Over” Founding City Pittsburgh on Final Flight (Pittsburgh Post-Gazette)
Northeast Ohio Home Sales See 20.4% Gain (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Cleveland Tourism Industry Has a Record Year (Cleveland Scene)
24 Ohioans Who Tried to Be President (Dayton Daily News)
Lou Stokes – the Congressman, Leading Lawyer and Towering Political Presence Has Died (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
Tributes to Former Cleveland Area Congressman Louis Stokes, Watch Video, See Photos and More (Dayton Daily News)
Plain Dealer Editorial Board Discusses Lou Stokes: Video (Plain Dealer/NEOMG)
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The Western Reserve’s Self-Made President By Grant Segall
1) James A. Garfield at 16, 2) James A. Garfield with daughter Mollie in 1870, 3) Postcard of Garfield Monument at Lakeview Cemetary (All photos: Cleveland State Special Collections)
The Western Reserve’s Self-Made President
By Grant Segall
A delusional job-seeker and a backwards doctor ended one of Northeast Ohio’s most promising stories too soon.
James Abram Garfield was just 49 years old and not quite four months into the presidency when slain in 1881 by Charles J. Guiteau, a spurned supplicant trying to boost Garfield’s foes. It took Doctor (his real first name) Willard Bliss 79 more days to finish off the patient. Now we’ll never know what might have been accomplished by the second youngest president to that date and still the only one from the Western Reserve (the hopeful Mark Hanna, Newton D. Baker, Dick Celeste and Dennis Kucinich notwithstanding).
The self-made Garfield showed rare potential. He was the last person to rise from a log cabin to the White House. He’s still the only one to have gone there directly from the House of Representatives, although he was also a senator-elect at the time. During his swift career, he went from janitor to president of the future Hiram College, then to major general, House minority leader, long-shot presidential nominee and innovative front-porch campaigner. He never lost an election, even at college. A self-taught lawyer, he argued his first case in the nation’s highest court and won an important precedent. A polymath, he created a proof of the Pythagorean theorem that a journal published. He was such an exemplary Horatio Alger hero that Alger wrote his campaign biography.
But he also had plenty of flaws. He entered into conflicts of interest. He undercut a few superiors, sometimes while ostensibly supporting them. He joined a dubious partisan vote in 1876 that gave the White House to Rutherford “Rutherfraud” B. Hayes. He jilted a sweetheart and apparently cheated at least once on his wife. He zigzagged on some leading issues, including tariffs, Reconstruction, and civil service. He tried variously to appease and defy party bosses.
“Garfield,” former President U.S. Grant once wrote, “is not possessed of the backbone of an angleworm.”
Grant’s subject could be moody, touchy and self-righteous. He fumed in his diary about enemies: “barking hounds” with “vulture eyes” who launched “bitter and malignant assaults.” He sounded suspiciously innocent at times, as in “I am a poor hater” and “I am conscious of not being fitted for the partisan work of politics….” He could stretch the truth, as in “I have never asked anybody for a place.”
After he died, the nation memorialized him widely and moved on. In 1935, Novelist Thomas Wolfe called him one of the “lost presidents” of the late 1800s, already blurred by time. Garfield may have shaped his country more in death than life. His assassination clinched the case for civil service reforms and his mistreatment for medical ones.
His log cabin is gone, and his native Orange Township, too, but a replica cabin stands in what’s now Moreland Hills. The youngest of four surviving children, he was born on Nov. 19, 1831, and named James for a dead brother. His strong-willed mother, Eliza, later recalled that her biggest baby looked like a “red Irishman.”
Before James turned 2, his father died after bad medical care foreshadowing his son’s. Eliza said that the child learned to read at 3 at a local school and often escaped chores through books. When he was 10, she remarried. A year later, she fled with the children, shocking neighbors, provoking a divorce.
Garfield grew to a then-impressive 6 feet tall. He was sandy-haired, blue-eyed, and vigorous but clumsy. At 16, he left home despite Eliza’s pleas. He worked the Ohio and Erie Canal for six weeks and fell overboard 14 times. Not knowing how to swim, he had to be fished out. He came home sick and determined to work with his mind. He attended Geauga Academy in Chester Township and taught at a nearby school meanwhile.
Near age 20, he entered the fledgling Western Reserve Eclectic Institute, run by his childhood denomination, the Disciples of Christ. (The school would later be renamed Hiram College for its town.) Garfield worked his way through as a janitor, carpenter, teacher, and ordained minister, speaking and preaching eloquently around the area for faith, abolition, and more. “I love agitation and investigation and glory in defending unpopular truth against popular error.” he wrote in a letter.
He studied deeply and widely but also played: hunting, fishing, shooting billiards, drinking a little, and passing time with the ladies. He courted a woman and backed off rather late by the era’s standards. Then he spent several years courting the smart, serious Lucretia (Crete) Rudolph, a Hiram trustee’s daughter. The two declared their love but set no wedding date. “There is no delirium of passion nor overwhelming power of feeling that draws me to her irresistibly,” he told his diary. “I feel inclined to be cautious.”
At age 22, Garfield left his sweetheart behind and entered Williams College in Massachusetts. Charming his young Eastern classmates, he led a literary club and journal, crusaded against fraternities, joined the new Republican Party, and became class salutatorian.
He returned to the Eclectic and taught many subjects. He sheltered a runaway slave and tried to rescue two captured slaves, but the latter proved to be pranksters in blackface. After a year back at the school, he helped the faculty oust the president and won the helm over an older rival.
In 1858, he finally married Crete. They had seven children, five of whom lived to adulthood. The next year, while refusing to campaign, he let the party nominate him on the fourth ballot for state senator and secure his easy election in a Republican district. At age 28, Columbus’s youngest senator quickly became a leading speaker and draftsman. Trying to reconcile the North and the South, he spoke in Louisville and brought Kentucky and Tennessee lawmakers to Ohio. He also wrote reports on weights and measures, education, and geology, calling vainly for a state geological survey. Meanwhile, he studied law on his own and passed the bar exam.
During the Civil War, Garfield organized a regiment, beat greater forces in Kentucky, and galloped through fire at Chickamauga. He became chief of staff to Gen. William Rosencrans, who wrote that the aide was “ever active, prudent and sagacious… He possesses the energy and the instinct of a great commander.” But Garfield criticized his superior’s dilatory warfare in a letter to a higher-up that later leaked and drew blame for Rosecrans’ demotion.
At home, Garfield was a kind, playful father. But, during his war wanderings, he seems to have had at least one affair, according to biographer Allan Peskin of Cleveland State University. Garfield later wrote to Crete that “by your grand faith and truth and endurance, our love was saved and purified through the fiery ordeal of the years.”
While off at war, he was elected to the House of Representatives. He took his seat in late 1863 and served 17 years. He chaired committees on banking and appropriations, the Census, and military affairs. He strengthened the wartime draft. He helped to start the U.S. Geological Survey, doing for the nation what he’d failed to do for Ohio. He spurred what would become the Education Department. He supported “hard money” backed by gold. He opposed unions and wanted troops to break strikes. He opposed most federal relief and called cooperative farms “communism in disguise.” He docked the wages of his political appointees to print a campaign speech supporting civil service reform.
Outside the Capitol, Garfield joined the boards of the Smithsonian Institution, the historically black Hampton Institute, and his former schools, Hiram and Williams. After Lincoln’s slaying, the Congressman reportedly calmed a vengeful mob in New York City, declaring, “God reigns, and the government at Washington still lives.” He also practiced a little law. In “ex parte Milligan” of 1866, he defended Southern sympathizers in the U.S. Supreme Court on charges of treason and won lasting limits on the jurisdiction of military courts.
The early 1870s brought controversies. Garfield took $5,000 to help a company win a contract to pave D.C. streets. Also, despite his initial denial, he apparently held shares or options awhile in Credit Mobilier, linked to the federally funded transcontinental railroad, and made or borrowed some $300 from the company. He was denounced on the campaign trail but survived.
In 1869, Garfield built a brick home in D.C. In 1876, keeping up with gerrymandered borders, he bought a grassy farm on Euclid Avenue in Mentor that reporters would punningly call Lawnfield. Soon he added that handy front porch.
Also in 1876, Garfield became Republican minority leader. That year’s presidential election foreshadowed 2000’s. Hayes lost the popular vote, but a commission including Garfield voted along party lines to give him pivotal Southern electoral votes, including Florida’s. Garfield fought for some of the president’s goals and opposed others, including a ban on political campaigning for civil servants.
In 1880, U.S. Treasury Secretary John Sherman of Ohio endorsed Garfield for the federal Senate, effective the next year. State lawmakers, who chose senators back then, complied. In turn, Garfield promised to nominate Sherman for president.
With Hayes not seeking a second term, the leading Republican candidates were Maine’s strong-willed Congressman James G. Blaine of the so-called Half-Breed faction and former president U.S. Grant of the Stalwarts, led by New York’s domineering senators, the body-building, philandering Roscoe Conkling and his protege, the slight, philandering Thomas Platt. Politicians and reporters began calling Garfield a dark horse who might unite the party at its May convention in Chicago.
Garfield chaired the convention’s rules committee and thwarted a Stalwart demand for each state to vote as a bloc. Then he nominated Sherman with more praise for unity than for the candidate. On each ballot from the second through the 28th, Garfield got one or two votes. On the second day and the 34th ballot, he got 17. He objected to the votes but was overruled. He won handily on the 36th ballot, still the latest one in Republican history, and gave in.
His first challenge was to placate the Stalwarts, whose support was crucial, especially in New York. He picked a minion of theirs as a running mate: Chester A. Arthur, whom Hayes had dumped as customs collector of Manhattan’s port for doling out too many patronage jobs. In Garfield’s acceptance letter, he promised to consult local leaders about local appointments. Then he made a pilgrimage to the Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York to assuage Republican leaders there. Conkling checked in but skipped out before the meeting, perhaps to hide his hand in any deal. Afterwards, Garfield wrote in his diary “No serious mistake had been made and probably much good had been done. No trades, no shackles, and as well fitted for defeat or victory than ever.” Conkling resurfaced, claimed that Garfield had kowtowed, and condescended to stump for the ticket.
Back at Lawnfield, Garfield created the front-porch campaign, later perfected by William McKinley in Canton and Warren Harding in Marion. He spoke in English and German to more than 17,000 choreographed visitors, from President Grant to the Jubilee Singers of the historically black Fisk University. On view, he worked the farm and played horse with his sons. With a telegraph and two secretaries, he oversaw the campaign nationwide.
Supporters of the Democratic nominee, General Winfield Scott Hancock of New York, resurrected some controversies and invented others, including a forged letter in which Garfield supposedly called for unrestricted Chinese immigration. In the end, Garfield won by less than 0.1 percent of the popular vote but with a more comfortable 214 of 369 electoral votes, including New York’s.
Between victory and assassination, Garfield’s toughest challenges were appointments. He chose “Ben Hur” novelist Lew Wallace for ambassador to Turkey and poet James Russell Lowell for London. He outraged the Stalwarts by picking Blaine as secretary of state. He tried vainly to mollify them with Isaac MacVeagh from a Pennsylvania Stalwart family as attorney general and New York Postmaster Thomas James as postmaster general. At his hotel the night before the inauguration, Garfield was hastily revising his address when Conkling stormed into the room with Platt and Arthur to blast the proposed cabinet. Garfield listened in near silence.
For months, the president remained trapped between the Stalwarts, the meddlesome Blaine and the Democrats. Nominations were withdrawn, resignations threatened, maneuvers executed, and a filibuster thwarted. Garfield gave Arthur’s old port job to Judge Wililam Robertson, a leading Half-Breed. An outraged vice president gave his boss the silent treatment for a month but said plenty to the New York Herald, such as, “Garfield has not been square, nor honorable, nor truthful.” The president barred him from the White House for a while.
In other matters, Garfield supported a probe by the surprisingly independent-minded James and MacVeagh of postal graft by Republicans, including Garfield’s campaign manager. He refinanced war debts from 6 percent interest to 3.5 percent, saving more than $10 million per year, or more than 3 percent of the federal budget. He signed the Treaty of Washington, which called for arbitration of Civil War damage claims against Britain and renewed fishing agreements with Canada. He and Blaine offered to mediate disputes between other countries in our hemisphere. They also planned a Pan-American conference that President Arthur would scrap.
The Stalwarts finally imploded. Conkling and Platt quit the Senate to protest Garfield’s appointments. They presumed re-election in Albany, but the Half-Breeds promptly caught Platt in bed with a woman not his wife, and the legislature turned elsewhere.
Garfield’s domestic life was more respectable. His mother lived at the White House and often rode the stairs in his arms. His wife caught malaria in swampy D.C. and recuperated on the shore in Elberon, N.J. Crowds kept streaming into a rather open White House in search of jobs. “Some civil service reform will come by necessity,” Garfield told his diary, “after the wearisome years of wasted Presidents have paved the way for it.”
No one was more wearisome than Guiteau, a self-taught lawyer, like Garfield, and a dropout from a polygamous commune. Guiteau hounded the White House, the State Department, even Garfield’s church, ranting during a service. He was often turned away but never arrested. He began to tote a pistol but balked twice at shooting the president. On July 2, he tracked Garfield to the Baltimore and Potomac depot. The president planned to join Crete, drop off two sons at Williams, get an honorary degree there, and summer at Lawnfield. This time, Guiteau found the nerve to fire.
“My God!” cried Garfield, lurching. “What is this?”
Guiteau fired again. “I am a Stalwart,” he declared, “and Arthur will be president.” One bullet grazed the victim’s arm. The other lodged in a vertebrae.
Doctor Bliss was summoned, and Garfield was carted back to the White House. Spurning a recent trend for antiseptic care, Bliss and chosen associates repeatedly probed Garfield’s wounds with unwashed hands and tools. Alexander Graham Bell brought an invention to find the hidden bullet but failed. For weeks, the patient was feverish, nauseous and underfed, losing some 100 pounds. The doctors barred him to most of his colleagues, and the administration largely idled.
Garfield finally insisted on a trip to the Jersey shore. He died there on Sept. 19. A train draped in black took his body to Cleveland’s Public Square. There 150,000 people, about equal to the city’s population, paid their respects.
On trial, Guiteau blamed Garfield’s death on the doctors. He was convicted and hung, but medical experts agree with him today. He fulfilled his goal with Arthur’s reign. But the ascendant, tainted by a killer’s support and secretly dying from a kidney disease, promoted the Pendleton Act of 1883, which created civil service jobs, tests and protections.
Meanwhile, friends raised funds to support Garfield’s survivors, build the Garfield Monument at Lake View Cemetery, turn Lawnfield into a shrine, and create the first presidential memorial library there. Crete finished raising impressive children, including a Williams president and a U.S interior secretary. She died near the then-impressive age of 86.
In the “American Presidents” series, Ira Rutkow gives Garfield tepid reviews: “Garfield was not a natural leader and did not dominate men or events…”
In “Garfield,” Allan Peskin of Cleveland State University says that the Mentor man’s “stormy presidency was brief and, in some respects, unfortunate, but he did leave the office stronger than he found it.” He also says Garfield and Blaine “forged the Republican Party into the instrument that would lead the United States into the twentieth century.”
Kenneth D. Ackerman, author of “Dark Horse: The Surprise Election and Political Murder of President James A. Garfield,” told The Plain Dealer in 2006 that Garfield grew during his short reign. “He could have become a much stronger, much more effective president if he’d had the chance. Unfortunately, we’ll never know.”
For further reading:
“Garfield,” Allan Peskin, Kent State University, 1978, 1999.
“Dark Horse: The Surprise Election and Political Murder of President James A. Garfield,” Kenneth D. Ackerman, Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2003.
Places to visit:
The Garfield Monument, open daily, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., April 1 to November 19, Lakeview Cemetery, 12316 Euclid Ave., Cleveland (or enter at Mayfield and Kenilworth Roads, Cleveland Heights), 216-421-2665, lakeviewcemetery.com.
Garfield’s replica childhood cabin, open 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Saturdays, Moreland Hills village campus, 4350 SOM Center Rd. Photos and memorabilia are also displayed at the hall, open 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. weekdays. See morelandhills.com/moreland-hills-historical-society/the-james-a-garfield-memorial-cabin.
About the Author
Grant Segall has spent 39 years on daily newspapers, including 30 at The Plain Dealer. He currently writes the My Cleveland column and covers the Berea school district for the PD and Sun News. He has shared in three national prizes and won several state and regional ones.
Segall has freelanced for Time, The Washington Post, and many other publications. His John D. Rockefeller: Anointed With Oil has been published by Oxford University Press and by houses in Korea and China. His short stories have been published in college journals, including Whiskey Island at Cleveland State, and in independent zines. He lives in Shaker Heights and has three sons.